springboot 微信授权网页登录操作流程

#代码知识发布时间： 2026-01-12

操作流程

假设你已经有自己的域名，因为微信公众号和微信回调都需要域名

先看看官方给的文档

根据官方文档，主要流程如下：

（1）引导用户进入授权页面同意授权，获取code

（2）通过code换取网页授权access_token（与基础支持中的access_token不同）

（3）刷新access_token（如果有需要）

（3）通过网页授权access_token和openid获取用户基本信息

提示：以下是本篇文章正文内容，下面案例可供参考

编写微信授权方法和获取用户信息方法

二、使用步骤

获取微信二维码信息

代码如下（示例）：

/**
  * 公众号微信登录授权
  */
 @RequestMapping("/wxLogin")
 public void wxLogin(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
  //这个url的域名必须在公众号中进行注册验证，这个地址是成功后的回调地址
  String backUrl = "http://7ca0c439f61c.ngrok.io/callback";//使用自己的域名
  // 第一步：用户同意授权，获取code
  //请求地址 snsapi_base snsapi_userinfo
  String url = "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize" +
    "?appid=" + HttpClientUtil.APPID +
    "&redirect_uri=" + URLEncoder.encode(backUrl,"utf-8") +
    "&response_type=code" +
    "&scope=snsapi_userinfo" +
    "&state=STATE#wechat_redirect";
  logger.info("forward重定向地址{" + url + "}");
  //必须重定向，否则不能成功
  response.sendRedirect(url);
 }

备注：在前端页面直接加载url 就可以出现二维码界面了。直接用的微信的页面，也可以根据自己的爱好进行设计页面
 /**
  * 公众号微信登录授权回调函数
  */
 @RequestMapping("/callback")
 public UserLoginRes callback(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
  UserLoginRes userLoginRes = new UserLoginRes();
  try{
   WXUserInfoReq weixinUserInfo = new WXUserInfoReq();
   /*start 获取微信用户基本信息*/
   String code = req.getParameter("code");
   //第二步：通过code换取网页授权access_token
   String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?"
     + "appid=" + HttpClientUtil.APPID
     + "&secret=" + HttpClientUtil.APPSECRET
     + "&code=" + code
     + "&grant_type=authorization_code";
   System.out.println(url);
 
   String result = HttpClientUtil.doGet(url);
   JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(result);
 
   /*
   { "access_token":"ACCESS_TOKEN",
   "expires_in":7200,
   "refresh_token":"REFRESH_TOKEN",
   "openid":"OPENID",
   "scope":"SCOPE" 
   }
   */
    String openid = jsonObject.getString("openid");
    String access_token = jsonObject.getString("access_token");
 
   //第三步验证access_token是否失效；
   String chickUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/auth?access_token="
     + access_token + "&openid=" + openid;
   String resultInfo = HttpClientUtil.doGet(chickUrl);
   JSONObject chickuserInfo = JSON.parseObject(resultInfo);
   System.out.println(chickuserInfo.toString());
   if (!"0".equals(chickuserInfo.getString("errcode"))) {
    String refreshInfo1 = HttpClientUtil.doGet(chickUrl);
    JSONObject refreshInfo = JSON.parseObject(refreshInfo1);
    /*
    { "access_token":"ACCESS_TOKEN",
    "expires_in":7200,
    "refresh_token":"REFRESH_TOKEN",
    "openid":"OPENID",
    "scope":"SCOPE" }
    */
    access_token = refreshInfo.getString("access_token");
   }
 
   // 第四步：拉取用户信息
   String infoUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo?access_token=" + access_token
     + "&openid=" + openid
     + "&lang=zh_CN";
   JSONObject userInfo = JSON.parseObject(HttpClientUtil.doGet(infoUrl));
   /*
   { "openid":" OPENID",
   "nickname": NICKNAME,
   "sex":"1",
   "province":"PROVINCE"
   "city":"CITY",
   "country":"COUNTRY",
   "headimgurl": "http://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/g3MonUZtNHkdmzicIlibx6iaFqAc56vxLSUfpb6n5WKSYVY0ChQKkiaJSgQ1dZuTOgvLLrhJbERQQ4eMsv84eavHiaiceqxibJxCfHe/46",
   "privilege":[ "PRIVILEGE1" "PRIVILEGE2"  ],
   "unionid": "o6_bmasdasdsad6_2sgVt7hMZOPfL"
   }
   */
   System.out.println(userInfo.getString("openid") + ":" + userInfo.getString("nickname") +":" + userInfo.getString("sex"));
  }catch (Exception e){
   e.printStackTrace();
   userLoginRes.setResult("NO");
   userLoginRes.setRtnErrId("ERROR");
   userLoginRes.setRtnErrMsg(e.getMessage());
  }
  return userLoginRes;
 }

使用到的HttpClientUtil工具类

代码如下（示例）：

public class HttpClientUtil {
 //appid、secret为自己公众号平台的appid和secret
 public static final String APPID="xxxxxxx";
 public static final String APPSECRET ="xxxxxxx"; 
 
 public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> param) {
  // 创建Httpclient对象
  CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
 
  String resultString = "";
  CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
  HttpGet httpGet = null;
  try {
   // 创建uri
   URIBuilder builder = new URIBuilder(url);
   if (param != null) {
    for (String key : param.keySet()) {
     builder.addParameter(key, param.get(key));
    }
   }
   URI uri = builder.build();
   // 创建http GET请求
   httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);
   httpGet.setHeader("Host", "api.weixin.qq.com");
   httpGet.setHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko");
   httpGet.setHeader("Accept", "text/html, application/xhtml+xml, */*");
   httpGet.setHeader("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate, br");
   httpGet.setHeader("Connection", "keep-alive");
   httpGet.setHeader("Accept-Language", "zh-CN");
   httpGet.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
 
   // 执行请求
   response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
   // 判断返回状态是否为200
   if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
    resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
   }
  } catch (Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  } finally {
   try {
    if (response != null) {
     response.close();
    }
    httpGet.releaseConnection();
    httpclient.close();
   } catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
   }
  }
  return resultString;
 }
 
 public static String doGet(String url) {
  return doGet(url, null);
 }
 
 public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> param) {
  // 创建Httpclient对象
  CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
  CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
  String resultString = "";
  try {
   // 创建Http Post请求
   HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
   // 创建参数列表
   if (param != null) {
    List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList<>();
    for (String key : param.keySet()) {
     paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, param.get(key)));
    }
    // 模拟表单
    UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList);
    httpPost.setEntity(entity);
   }
   // 执行http请求
   response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
   resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
  } catch (Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  } finally {
   try {
    response.close();
   } catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
   }
  }
 
  return resultString;
 }
 
 public static String doPost(String url) {
  return doPost(url, null);
 }
 
 public static String doPostJson(String url, String json) {
  // 创建Httpclient对象
  CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
  CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
  String resultString = "";
  try {
   // 创建Http Post请求
   HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
   // 创建请求内容
   StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(json, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON);
   httpPost.setEntity(entity);
   // 执行http请求
   response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
   resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
  } catch (Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  } finally {
   try {
    response.close();
   } catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
   }
  }
  return resultString;
 }
 
 public static String doGetStr(String httpurl) {
  HttpURLConnection connection = null;
  InputStream is = null;
  BufferedReader br = null;
  String result = null;// 返回结果字符串
  try {
   // 创建远程url连接对象
   URL url = new URL(httpurl);
   // 通过远程url连接对象打开一个连接，强转成httpURLConnection类
   connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
   // 设置连接方式：get
   connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
   // 设置连接主机服务器的超时时间：15000毫秒
   connection.setConnectTimeout(15000);
   // 设置读取远程返回的数据时间：60000毫秒
   connection.setReadTimeout(60000);
   //设置请求头
   connection.setRequestProperty("Host", "api.weixin.qq.com");
   connection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko");
   connection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "text/html, application/xhtml+xml, */*");
   connection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate, br");
   connection.setRequestProperty("Connection", "keep-alive");
   connection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN");
   connection.setRequestProperty("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
 
   // 发送请求
   connection.connect();
   // 通过connection连接，获取输入流
   if (connection.getResponseCode() == 200) {
    is = connection.getInputStream();
    // 封装输入流is，并指定字符集
    br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is, "UTF-8"));
    // 存放数据
    StringBuffer sbf = new StringBuffer();
    String temp = null;
    while ((temp = br.readLine()) != null) {
     sbf.append(temp);
     sbf.append("\r\n");
    }
    result = sbf.toString();
   }
  } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  } catch (IOException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  } finally {
   // 关闭资源
   if (null != br) {
    try {
     br.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
     e.printStackTrace();
    }
   }
   if (null != is) {
    try {
     is.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
     e.printStackTrace();
    }
   }
   connection.disconnect();// 关闭远程连接
  }
  return result;
 }
 
}

最后根据实际业务处理用户登录

//3.根据uuid查询用户是否存在，如果存在直接登录。如果不存在则自动注册，在登录
   UserInfoModel userInfoByWechat = iUserDao.getUserInfoByWechat(userInfoStr.get("unionid").toString());
   if (userInfoByWechat != null) {
    return ReturnMessage.success(0,"获取成功",userInfoByWechat);
   }
   //4.数据库添加用户信息
   String username = userInfoStr.get("nickname").toString();
   String unionid = userInfoStr.get("unionid").toString();
   UserInfoBean userInfoBean = new UserInfoBean();
   userInfoBean.setUuid(unionid);
   userInfoBean.setUsername(username);
   // 微信登录
   userInfoBean.setStatus(2);
   iUserDao.insertUser(userInfoBean);
   //5.根据uuid查询新注册的用户信息
   UserInfoModel userInfoModel= iUserDao.getUserInfoByWechat(unionid);
   if (userInfoModel == null) {
    return ReturnMessage.fail(400,"用户添加失败，请重新操作");
   }

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springboot 微信授权网页登录操作流程

目录

操作流程

先看看官方给的文档

编写微信授权方法和获取用户信息方法

二、使用步骤

获取微信二维码信息

使用到的HttpClientUtil工具类

最后根据实际业务处理用户登录

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